Abstract This article aimed to analyze recommendations for health education for pregnant and postpartum women in times of the Covid-19 pandemic. This is an integrative review that took place from September 2021 to February 2022, in the MEDLINE databases via PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online and the Virtual Health Library. The online software Endnote Web was used to store the references obtained in the search and to remove duplications. The final sample consisted of 17 studies. After analysis, the findings were divided into two categories: health education for prenatal care of pregnant women and health education for the physical and mental well-being of pregnant and postpartum women. The study showed that the recommendations for pregnant and puerperal women, in the pandemic scenario, emphasize health education associated with technological tools throughout the pregnancy-puerperal process, based on information and strategies that favor health promotion and disease prevention.

Resumo Este artigo objetivou analisar recomendações para educação em saúde de gestantes e puérperas em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que ocorreu no período setembro de 2021 a fevereiro de 2022, nas bases de dados MEDLINE via PubMed, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Utilizou-se o software online Endnote Web para armazenar as referências obtidas na busca e retirar duplicações. A amostra final foi composta por 17 estudos. Após análise, os achados foram distribuídos em duas categorias: educação em saúde para assistência pré-natal de gestantes e educação em saúde para bem-estar físico e mental de gestantes e puérperas. O estudo mostrou que as recomendações para gestantes e puérperas, no cenário pandêmico, tem ênfase na educação em saúde associada a ferramentas tecnológicas durante todo o processo gravídico-puerperal, baseadas em informações e estratégias que favoreçam a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de agravos.

Abstract Objective To assess the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of misoprostol in the treatment of incomplete miscarriage. Data sources The PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases (clinicaltrials.gov) were searched for the relevant articles, and search strategies were developed using a combination of thematic Medical Subject Headings terms and text words. The last search was conducted on July 4, 2022. No language restrictions were applied. Selection of studies Randomized clinical trials with patients of gestational age up to 6/7 weeks with a diagnosis of incomplete abortion and who were managed with at least 1 of the 3 types of treatment studied were included. A total of 8,087 studies were screened. Data collection Data were synthesized using the statistical package Review Manager V.5.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). For dichotomous outcomes, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived for each study. Heterogeneity between the trial results was evaluated using the standard test, I2 statistic. Data synthesis When comparing misoprostol with medical vacuum aspiration (MVA), the rate of complete abortion was higher in the MVA group (OR = 0.16; 95%CI = 0.07–0.36). Hemorrhage or heavy bleeding was more common in the misoprostol group (OR = 3.00; 95%CI = 1.96–4.59), but pain after treatment was more common in patients treated with MVA (OR = 0.65; 95%CI = 0.52–0.80). No statistically significant differences were observed in the general acceptability of the treatments. Conclusion Misoprostol has been determined as a safe option with good acceptance by patients.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia, segurança e aceitabilidade do misoprostol no tratamento do aborto incompleto. Fontes de dados Os bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library e bancos de dados de Ensaios Clínicos (clinicaltrials.gov) foram pesquisados para os artigos relevantes, e estratégias de busca foram desenvolvidas usando uma combinação de termos temáticos de Medical Subject Headings e palavras de texto. A última pesquisa foi realizada em 4 de julho de 2022. Nenhuma restrição de idioma foi aplicada. Seleção dos estudos Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados com pacientes com idade gestacional até 6/7 semanas com diagnóstico de aborto incompleto e que foram manejadas com pelo menos um dos três tipos de tratamento estudados. Um total de 8.087 estudos foram selecionados. Coleta de dados Os dados foram sintetizados usando o pacote estatístico Review Manager V.5.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). Para resultados dicotômicos, o odds ratio (OR, na sigla em inglês) e o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% foram derivados para cada estudo. A heterogeneidade entre os resultados do ensaio foi avaliada usando o teste padrão, estatística I2. Síntese dos dados Ao comparar misoprostol com aspiração a vácuo médico (MVA, na sigla em inglês), a taxa de aborto completo foi maior no grupo MVA (OR = 0,16; IC95% = 0,07–0,36). Hemorragia ou sangramento intenso foi mais comum no grupo do misoprostol (OR = 3,00; 95%CI = 1,96–4,59), mas a dor após o tratamento foi mais comum em pacientes tratados com MVA (OR = 0,65; 95%CI = 0,52–0,80). Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na aceitabilidade geral dos tratamentos. Conclusão O misoprostol tem se mostrado uma opção segura e com boa aceitação pelos pacientes.

Text mining and related analytics emerge as a technological approach to support human activities in extracting useful knowledge through texts in several formats. From a managerial point of view, it can help organizations in planning and decision-making processes, providing information that was not previously evident through textual materials produced internally or even externally. In this context, within the public/governmental scope, public security agencies are great beneficiaries of the tools associated with text mining, in several aspects, from applications in the criminal area to the collection of people's opinions and sentiments about the actions taken to promote their welfare. This article reports details of a systematic literature review focused on identifying the main areas of text mining application in public security, the most recurrent technological tools, and future research directions. The searches covered four major article bases (Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library), selecting 194 materials published between 2014 and the first half of 2021, among journals, conferences, and book chapters. There were several findings concerning the targets of the literature review, as presented in the results of this article.

ABSTRACT This paper presents a broad overview of main contributions related to the FITradeoff (Flexible and Interactive Tradeoff) method. FITradeoff is a multicriteria method developed within the scope of the Multiattribute Value Theory (MAVT), considering partial information from the decision maker (DM) in the preference modelling process. Over the last few years, several methodological developments on this method have been published in the literature, as well as practical applications to a wide range of multicriteria decision problems. The most recent methodological advances are related to preference modelling process, which now integrate the two paradigms of elicitation by decomposition and holistic evaluation. Furthermore, contributions from behavioral studies, some of them including decision neuroscience, have enhanced the DSS free available for FITradeoff. In this paper, all previously developed works related to the FITradeoff method are approached, considering both methodological developments and practical applications. A summary on the different modeling approaches for solving different decision problematics (choice, ranking, sorting and portfolio) with FITradeoff is presented. The recently proposed combination of preference modeling paradigms - elicitation by decomposition and holistic evaluation - within the FITradeoff decision process is explained, as well its potential advantages for the elicitation process. Moreover, a brief review on the practical applications of the method in different contexts is presented. In addition, this work also brings a summary on the results of behavioral experiments conducted using neuroscience tools with the FITradeoff method, as well the methodological insights resulted from them, and future perspectives of potential research topics related to the FITradeoff method.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on women admitted with hypertensive disorders of pregnancies to a university maternity hospital from August 2020 to August 2022. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Variables associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared using multivariable binomial regression. RESULTS: Of 501 women with pregnancies, 2, 35, 14, and 49% had eclampsia, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, and gestational hypertension, respectively. Women with preeclampsia/eclampsia had significantly higher risks of cesarean section (79.4 vs. 65%; adjusted RR, 2,139; 95%CI, 1,386–3,302; p=0.001) and preterm delivery at <34 weeks’ gestation (20.5 vs. 6%; adjusted RR, 2.5; 95%CI, 1.19–5.25; p=0.01) than those of women with chronic/gestational hypertension. Risks of prolonged maternal hospitalization (43.9 vs. 27.1%), neonatal intensive care unit admission (30.7 vs. 19.8%), and perinatal mortality (23.5 vs. 11.2%) were higher among women with preeclampsia/eclampsia. CONCLUSIONS: Women with preeclampsia/eclampsia had a higher risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes than those with chronic or gestational hypertension. This major maternity care center requires strategies for preventing and managing preeclampsia/eclampsia to improve pregnancy outcomes.

ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). Dysfunction of body balance is also a common symptom and may be related to neurological injuries resulting from this disease. The aim of this study was to characterize the neurological and vestibular findings of three clinical cases diagnosed with MS. Data on the neurological evaluation and the magnetic resonance imaging of the skull were collected from the medical records. The patients responded to an initial interview and underwent clinical assessment of body balance and Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). Vestibular symptoms and alterations were observed in at least one of the clinical tests of body balance and cerebellar function. In vHIT, changes were obtained in oculomotor tests, such as the presence of semi-spontaneous nystagmus and in parameters of the saccade test, and reduced gain in one or more vertical channels. Lesions were found on MRI of the skull in central areas that process vestibular information, such as the cerebellum and brainstem. The association of these findings suggests the presence of central vestibular dysfunction, compatible with the lesions detected in imaging exams.

RESUMO A Esclerose Múltipla (EM) é uma doença autoimune crônica e inflamatória que afeta o sistema nervoso central (SNC). A disfunção do equilíbrio corporal também é um sintoma comum e pode estar relacionada às lesões neurológicas decorrentes desta doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os achados neurológicos e vestibulares de três casos clínicos com diagnóstico de EM. Dados sobre a avaliação neurológica e do exame de ressonância magnética de crânio foram coletados dos prontuários. Os pacientes responderam a uma entrevista inicial e foram submetidos à avaliação clínica do equilíbrio corporal e ao Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). Observou-se presença de sintomas vestibulares e alterações em pelo menos uma das provas clínicas do equilíbrio corporal e função cerebelar. No vHIT, obteve-se alterações em testes oculomotores, como presença de nistagmo semi-espontâneo e em parâmetros do teste sacádico, e ganho reduzido em um ou mais canais verticais. Foram verificadas lesões, na ressonância magnética de crânio, em áreas centrais que processam as informações vestibulares, como cerebelo e tronco encefálico. A associação destes achados sugere a presença de disfunção vestibular central, compatível com as lesões detectadas nos exames de imagem.

ABSTRACT This article aims to present a Multicriteria Decision Aiding (MCDA) model for assessing risk management maturity. Therefore, it is proposed to use a Maturity Model (MM) for risk management aligned with the ELECTRE TRI method. The ELECTRE TRI was chosen as the sorting method because it has a strong axiomatic structure based on the relationship of concordance and discordance between the alternative and the profile that delimits each of its classes. To test the proposal, a case study was carried out on a real company in the construction industry. For the development of the risk management maturity assessment model, a questionnaire was applied to collect data related to risk management practices in the organization. After collection, the data were used for modeling in a Decision Support System to apply the ELECTRE TRI, which managed to classify and identify the organization’s risk management maturity at level 3 (managed).

Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the hormonal and nonhormonal approaches to symptoms of sexual dysfunction and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Data Sources We conducted a search on the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases, as well as on clinical trial databases. We analyzed studies published between 1996 and May 30, 2020. No language restrictions were applied. Selection of Studies We selected randomized clinical trials that evaluated the treatment of sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Data Collection Three authors (ACAS, APFC, and JL) reviewed each article based on its title and abstract. Relevant data were subsequently taken from the full-text article. Any discrepancies during the review were resolved by consensus between all the listed authors. Data Synthesis A total of 55 studies were included in the systematic review. The approaches tested to treat sexual dysfunction were as follows: lubricants and moisturizers (18 studies); phytoestrogens (14 studies); dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA; 8 studies); ospemifene (5 studies); vaginal testosterone (4 studies); pelvic floor muscle exercises (2 studies); oxytocin (2 studies); vaginal CO2 laser (2 studies); lidocaine (1 study); and vitamin E vaginal suppository (1 study). Conclusion We identified literature that lacks coherence in terms of the proposed treatments and selected outcome measures. Despite the great diversity in treatment modalities and outcome measures, the present systematic review can shed light on potential targets for the treatment, which is deemed necessary for sexual dysfunction, assuming that most randomized trials were evaluated with a low risk of bias according to the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. The present review is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42018100488).

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia das abordagens hormonais e não hormonais para os sintomas de disfunção sexual e atrofia vaginal em mulheres na pós-menopausa. Fontes de Dados Pesquisamos as bases de dados PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), assim como bancos de dados de ensaios clínicos. Foram analisados estudos publicados entre 1996 e 30 de maio de 2020. Nenhuma restrição de idioma foi aplicada. Seleção dos Estudos Foram selecionados ensaios clínicos randomizados que avaliavam o tratamento das disfunções sexuais em mulheres na pós-menopausa. Coleta de Dados Três autores (ACAS, APFC e JL), revisaram cada artigo com base em seu título e resumo. Os dados relevantes foram posteriormente retirados do texto completo do artigo. Quaisquer discrepâncias durante a revisão foram resolvidas por consenso entre todos os autores listados. Síntese dos Dados Ao todo, 55 estudos foram incluídos na revisão sistemática. As abordagens testadas para tratar a disfunção sexual foram: lubrificantes e hidratantes (18 estudos); fitoestrogênios (14 estudos); deidroepiandrosterona (DHEA; 8 estudos); ospemifeno (5 estudos); testosterona vaginal (4 estudos); exercícios para os músculos do assoalho pélvico (2 estudos); oxitocina (2 estudos);laser de CO2 vaginal (2 estudos); lidocaína (1 estudo), e vitamina E vaginal (1 estudo). Conclusão Identificou-se falta de coerência na literatura quanto aos tratamentos propostos e medidas de resultados selecionadas. Apesar da grande diversidade de modalidades de tratamento e medidas de resultados, esta revisão sistemática pode lançar luz sobre alvos potenciais para o tratamento, que é considerado necessário para a disfunção sexual, assumindo que a maioria dos estudos randomizados foi avaliada com baixo risco de viés de acordo com a ferramenta de avaliação de risco de viés de Cochrane Collaboration. Esta revisão tem cadastro no International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42018100488).

Resumo O interesse pela produção de Nanocristais de Celulose (NCCs) tem surgido pela procura de novos materiais. Os NCCs apresentam bom desempenho em compósitos poliméricos, por suas dimensões manométricas e sua rigidez. Sua produção impacta positivamente por seu baixo consumo energético e porque seus precursores podem ser qualquer biomassa lignocelulósica, diferente da madeira. A rota de extração convencional dos NCCs é a hidrólise ácida, usando ácido sulfúrico, ácido clorídrico ou uma mistura entre eles. Recentemente, tem-se registrado métodos alternativos de extração, que despertam o interesse para seu estudo por serem ambientalmente amigáveis e eficientes. Um deles destaca o uso de uma solução de persulfatos inorgânicos em uma única etapa de processo, sem prétratamento. Assim, os NCCs são extraídos diretamente sem a remoção prévia da lignina e da hemicelulose. A vantagem é o menor consumo de água, solventes e energia. Por outro lado, a comercialização da polpa de açaí desde a várzea amazônica tem crescido a um ritmo acelerado no mercado interno e externo, pelas propriedades, energéticas e nutricionais da fruta. Consequentemente, a geração de biomassa residual tem-se extrapolado, e as políticas sobre aproveitamento são ainda tímidas, resultando no despejo e descarte aleatório destes resíduos processados e em problemas ambientais. Este artigo apresenta um estado-da-arte sobre os desenvolvimentos em extração de NCCs da biomassa lignocelulósica pela oxidação com Persulfato de Amônio, destacando-se a utilização da biomassa do açaí.

Resumen El interés por la producción de Nanocristales de Celulosa (NCCs) ha surgido de la búsqueda por nuevos materiales. Los NCCs presentan buen desempeño en compuestos poliméricos por sus dimensiones nanométricas y su alta rigidez. Su producción impacta positivamente pues se requiere bajo consumo energético y, su fuente de extracción, puede ser cualquier biomasa lignocelulósica diferente de la madera. La ruta de extracción convencional de los NCCs es la hidrólisis ácida usando ácido sulfúrico o ácido clorhídrico o una mezcla entre ellos. Recientemente, se han registrado métodos alternativos de extracción, que han despertado interés en su estudio por ser ambientalmente amigables y eficientes. Uno de ellos destaca el uso persulfatos inorgánicos en una sola etapa de proceso, sin pretratamiento. Así, los NCCs son extraídos directamente sin la remoción previa de la lignina y de la hemicelulosa. La ventaja es el menor consumo de agua, solventes y energía. Por otro lado, la comercialización de la pulpa de açaí, desde la Amazonia ha crecido a un ritmo acelerado en el mercado interno y externo, lo cual se debe a las propiedades antioxidantes, energéticas y nutricionales de la fruta. Consecuentemente, la generación de la biomasa residual se ha extrapolado, y las políticas sobre aprovechamiento son todavía modestas, resultando en disposición y descartes aleatorios de los residuos procesados y en problemas ambientales. Este artículo presenta una revisión sobre los desarrollos en extracción de NCCs de la biomasa lignocelulosica por el método de oxidación con Persultafo de Amonio, destacándose la utilización de la biomasa del açaí.

Abstract The growing interest in the production of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) is due to the search for new materials. CNCs have shown good performance in polymeric composites because of their nanometric dimensions and strength. CNCs production have had a positive impact because of its low energy consumption, also any lignocellulosic biomass, different from wood can be used. The conventional extraction method of CNCs is the acid hydrolysis using sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or a mixture between them. Recently, alternative methods of extraction have aroused interest as they are eco-friendly and efficient. One of them highlights the use of inorganic persulfates solutions in a single process stage, where no pretreatment is necessary. Thus, the CNCs are extracted directly without the previous removal of lignin and hemicellulose. The main advantage of this method is the lower consumption of water, solvents and energy. On the other hand, marketing of acai pulp from the Amazonian region has had an accelerated growing in the internal and foreign markets because of the antioxidant, energetic and nutritious properties of the fruit. Consequently, the generation of biomass has been extrapolated, and the policies about better use of this resource are still modest, resulting in the random dispose and discard of these processing wastes and in environmental problems. This article presents a state- of-the-art of achievement on CNCs extraction through Ammonium Persulfate Oxidation of lignocellulosic biomass, and also the acai berry biomass.

Resumo: Objetivo Avaliamos as mudanças na biomassa do perifíton e na composição das comunidades de diatomáceas bentônicas ao longo de um gradiente de urbanização em 10 riachos costeiros localizados na planície costeira do extremo sul do Brasil. Métodos Em cada riacho coletamos variáveis limnológicas e o material perifítico do estolão da macrófita aquática Hydrocotyle ranunculoides para posterior análises de clorofila a e de diatomáceas. Resultados Fósforo total foi a única variável limnológica selecionada pelos modelos, mostrando uma relação positiva com a biomassa e negativa com a riqueza de espécies de diatomáceas nesses riachos. A composição de espécies (para dados de presença e ausência e de abundância) também foi explicada pelas concentrações de fósforo total. Além disso, observamos uma distribuição aninhada de espécies ao longo dos riachos, de forma que as comunidades mais pobres de riachos com maiores concentrações de fósforo são subconjuntos de comunidades mais ricas com menores concentrações do nutriente. Conclusões Evidenciamos em nosso estudo que as modificações na qualidade da água causadas pela eutrofização estão levando à perda de espécies e mudanças na estrutura de comunidades em ecótonos como os riachos costeiros.

Abstract: Aim We evaluated changes in periphyton biomass and the composition of benthic diatom communities along a gradient of urbanization in 10 coastal streams located on the coastal plain of southernmost Brazil. Methods At each coastal stream, we obtained limnological variables and periphytic material from the stolon of the aquatic macrophyte Hydrocotyle ranunculoides for further analyses of chlorophyll a and diatoms. Results Total phosphorus was the only limnological variable selected by the statistical models, showing a positive relationship with periphyton biomass and a negative relationship with diatom species richness in these streams. Species composition (for both presence-absence and abundance data) was also explained by total phosphorus. Further, we observed a nested distribution of diatom species along the streams, in which poorer communities of streams with higher concentrations of phosphorous are subsets of richer communities from streams with lower concentrations of the nutrient. Conclusions Our study shows that water quality modifications caused by eutrophication are leading to the loss of species and changes in the structure of biological communities in ecotones such as coastal streams.

RESUMO Objetivo: sintetizar evidências sobre efeitos das intervenções breves na redução do consumo de bebidas alcóolicas entre adultos. Método: estudo de revisão sistemática, cadastrado protocolo na International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, registro nº CRD42020153034. A busca foi realizada em 2020, em bases de dados eletrônicas e foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados que avaliavam os efeitos de Intervenções Breve em adultos bebedores de álcool. Resultados: foram avaliados 11 artigos. Todos os estudos realizaram, nos grupos controle e experimental, teste de identificação do padrão de consumo de álcool, com oferta de feedback para o usuário em seguida. As intervenções utilizam metodologias que incitam o usuário à tomada de decisão, bem como manter a decisão tomada e evitar recaídas. Conclusão: esta pesquisa contribui para o ensino e assistência em saúde, por meio de reflexões sobre a identificação do abuso de álcool e compilado sobre a aplicação e impacto das Intervenções Breves.

ABSTRACT Objective: to synthesize evidence on the effects of brief interventions on reducing alcohol consumption among adults. Method: systematic review study, protocol registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, registration no. CRD42020153034. The search was conducted in 2020, in electronic databases and randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of Brief Interventions in adult alcohol drinkers were included. Results: 11 articles were evaluated. All studies performed, in the control and experimental groups, a test to identify the pattern of alcohol consumption, with feedback offered to the user afterwards. The interventions use methodologies that encourage the user to make a decision, as well as maintain the decision made and avoid relapse. Conclusion: this research contributes to health care teaching and assistance, through reflections on the identification of alcohol abuse and compiled on the application and impact of Brief Interventions.

RESUMEN Objetivo: sintetizar las pruebas sobre los efectos de las intervenciones breves para reducir el consumo de alcohol entre los adultos. Método: estudio de revisión sistemática, protocolo registrado en el Registro Internacional Prospectivo de Revisiones Sistemáticas, número de registro CRD42020153034. La búsqueda se realizó en 2020, en bases de datos electrónicas y se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorios que evaluaron los efectos de las Intervenciones Breves en bebedores de alcohol adultos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 11 artículos. Todos los estudios realizaron, en los grupos de control y experimental, una prueba para identificar el patrón de consumo de alcohol, con una retroalimentación ofrecida al usuario después. Las intervenciones utilizan metodologías que incitan al usuario a tomar una decisión, así como a mantener la decisión tomada y evitar recaídas. Conclusión: esta investigación contribuye a la docencia y a la atención sanitaria, a través de reflexiones sobre la identificación del abuso de alcohol y recopiladas sobre la aplicación y el impacto de las Intervenciones Breves.

Resumo Objetivo Identificar e sintetizar as evidências oriundas de ensaios clínicos randomizados que avaliaram os efeitos da musicoterapia sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e de depressão em adultos com transtornos mentais. Métodos Revisão sistemática guiada pelo protocolo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. A busca dos artigos nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL Cohcrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO e LILACS, bem como a busca manual, seleção dos estudos, extração dos dados e avaliação metodológica pela Escala de Jadad e pela ferramenta do Risco de Viés da Cochrane foram realizadas por dois revisores de forma independente. Resultados Foram identificados 1649 estudos, sendo oito selecionados e analisados. Os achados mostraram um efeito positivo da musicoterapia nos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão na população adulta em diferentes contextos. De acordo com a Risco de Viés da Cochrane, quatro estudos foram classificados como baixo risco de viés, e os outros quatro como alto risco de viés. Os adultos que receberam musicoterapia apresentaram relaxamento físico e mental, redução dos sintomas ansiosos e depressivos, promovendo o bem-estar de forma consciente e saudável. Conclusão A musicoterapia se apresenta como uma potencial estratégia para reduzir a ansiedade e a depressão bem como para auxiliar na manutenção e recuperação da saúde das pessoas adultas com transtornos mentais.

Abstract Objective To identify and synthesize evidence from randomized clinical trials that assessed the effects of music therapy on anxiety and depression symptoms in adults with mental disorders. Methods This is a systematic review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis protocol. The search for articles in the MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL Cohcrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO and LILACS databases, as well as manual search, selection of studies, data extraction and methodological assessment using the Jadad Scale and the Cochrane risk-of-bias, was performed by two reviewers independently. Results 1,649 studies were identified, eight of which were selected and analyzed. The findings showed a positive effect of music therapy on anxiety and depression symptoms in the adult population in different contexts. According to the Cochrane risk-of-bias, four studies were classified as low risk of bias, and the other four as high risk of bias. Adults who received music therapy showed physical and mental relaxation, reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms, promoting well-being in a conscious and healthy way. Conclusion Music therapy presents itself as a potential strategy to reduce anxiety and depression as well as to help maintain and recover the health of adults with mental disorders.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar y sintetizar las evidencias oriundas de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que evaluaron los efectos de la musicoterapia sobre los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en adultos con trastornos mentales. Métodos Revisión sistemática orientada por el protocolo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. La búsqueda de los artículos en las bases de datos MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL Cohcrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO y LILACS fue realizada por dos revisores de forma independiente, así como también la búsqueda manual, selección de los estudios, extracción de datos y evaluación metodológica a través de la Escala de Jadad y la herramienta de riesgo de sesgo de Cochrane. Resultados Se identificaron 1649 estudios, de los cuales ocho fueron seleccionados y analizados. Los resultados mostraron un efecto positivo de la musicoterapia en los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en la población adulta en diferentes contextos. De acuerdo con el riesgo de sesgo de Cochrane, cuatro estudios fueron clasificados con bajo riesgo de sesgo y otros cuatro con alto riesgo de sesgo. Los adultos que recibieron musicoterapia presentaron relajamiento físico y mental, reducción de los síntomas ansiosos y depresivos, lo que promueve el bienestar de forma consciente y saludable. Conclusión La musicoterapia se presenta como una estrategia potencial para reducir la ansiedad y la depresión, así como para ayudar a mantener y recuperar la salud de las personas adultas con trastornos mentales.

ABSTRACT Human Resource Allocation (HRA) can be defined as the way professionals are distributed across the organization’s tasks, given that each individual has his/her own set of characteristics, and that each task has specific needs. Thus, this paper puts forward a mathematical programming model for allocating human resources that considers employees’ formal qualifications and experience and the possibility of employees sharing tasks in each project. The proposed mathematical model was designed and implemented according to a set of heuristics based on a Greedy Search (GS), a Genetic Algorithm, a Cosine Pigeon- Inspired Optimizer and an Iterated Local Search (ILS), to solve small, medium and large random instances. Thus, it was verified which of the heuristics had the best performance according to certain indicators, such as resolution time and average quality of the solutions found. Finally, they were also compared with the optimal solution obtained for small and medium-sized instances, with the best average results to ILS, although these are not too far from those of the GS.